Aaa triangle adaptation aggregation arbitrage betting

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TCS has operation in 46 countries across the globe and it is also considered as the 10th biggest service provider in the IT sector. The company has 3, 62, employees supporting the global operation of the company. The company used the arbitrage strategy whereby it indulges in software service export to those international markets where the labour cost is high.

Later TCS supplemented this strategy with the aggregation strategy by developing a new delivery structure globally that has three types of development centres for software. Global centres based in India cater to large account and include codding and quality control facility Ricart et al. The regional centres based in Hungary and Brazil cater to language and cultural aspect with limited capabilities. The near shore centres of the company based in Phoenix and Boston cater to developing customer satisfaction by closeness of location.

Industry 2 — Pharmaceutical Industry The second sector chosen is Pharmaceutical industry as the industry has many multinational companies. The sector has technology oriented innovative drugs to the generic drugs over the counter OTC. The Pharmaceutical industry also use the AAA Framework namely adaptation strategies, aggregation strategies and arbitrage strategies to establish the business Ghemawat and Ghadar, The two companies selected to understand the global value creation are Eli Lily and company and Novartis International AG.

The company was known to produce penicillin in mass quantity and it was also the pioneer of human insulin and its production with the help of recombinant DNA Lilly. Eli Lily and company is the biggest producer of psychiatric medications and distribute it across the globe. The company operates in 17 countries with the products catering to countries globally.

The company employs 37, staff across the globe. The company use the adaptation strategy to create global value creation. Eli Lily and company use the externalization strategy one of the five adaptation strategy to promote the business in the international market. The company explore the strategic alliances in the international market to promote the process of drug development and testing of drugs Rugman, and Verbeke, It is also using the administrative aggregation to market new drugs in the international market with the objective of fulfilling the regulatory formalities to seek the licence so that the company can distribute the drugs in the new market.

The company has wide product line including pharmaceuticals, over the counter drugs, generic drugs, vaccines, contact lenses, diagnostics and animal health. There are , employees working globally. The company use the combination of Adaptation strategy and aggregation strategy to establish the business in the international market and create value globally.

The company use the externalization strategy as the adaptation strategy. Ciba —Geigy and Sandoz merged to form a new entity known as Novartis. It also formed strategic alliance with Astra Zeneca to strengthen the international business Ramsey et al. Again the company use the aggregation strategy to enter new market in the international business with administrative aggregation to seek the licence and regularity in the foreign market to sell the product.

Conclusion Thus it can be concluded that every company planning to expand to international market needs to explore the AAA Framework namely adaptation strategies, aggregation strategies and arbitrage strategies. Adaption strategy use the five variants namely variation strategy, focus strategy, externalization strategy, design strategy and innovation to create value creation.

The aggregation strategy focuses on economies of scale and economies of scope to promote value creation globally. The arbitrage strategy includes the performance enhancement, cost reduction and risk reduction to promote value creation in the international market. To explain the strategy two industry namely Computer industry hardware and software and Pharmaceutical industry was chosen to illustrate the concept of AAA Framework Ramsey et al.

In context to the IBM it was observed that the company use the strategy of adaptation strategies and aggregation strategy to establish the business in the international market by developing a mini IBM in every foreign country and combined with aggregation strategy using economies of scale. TCS used the arbitrage strategy to sell in the market with high labour cost and used aggregation. Eli Lily and company and Novartis International AG used externalization strategy and aggregation strategy to create value globally.

References Ghemawat, P. Industrial and Corporate Change, 15 4 , pp. Ghemawat, P. Semiglobalization and international business strategy. Journal of International Business Studies, 34 2 , pp. IBM - United States. Eli Lilly and Company. Morschett, D.

In Strategic International Management pp. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Novartis Australia. Ramsey, J. International value creation: An alternative model for Latin American Multinationals. Ricart, J. New frontiers in international strategy. IBM Aggregation : The senior management and the management of particular subsidiaries of IBM implements various strategies for the aggregation of different functions into one.

For this purpose, IBM makes various groups of international subsidiaries and aggregate them into a single segment, this is effectively a centralization arrangement from a where particular headquarter, some of the functions of more than one company are being managed. IBM Arbitrage : The arbitrage strategy of IBM is one of the most successful arbitrage strategies in the world, in the year , IBM acquired more than workers in India in order to exploit the wage differences.

It can be said that the developing nations like India have very cheap workforce which have made the arbitrage strategy so successful. Apple: Apple Inc. Apple Inc. In particular Apple Inc. Adaptation : Although Apple has extended in many parts of the world and plays heavy reliance on the globalization of its products but the management of Apple Inc. Almost all the products of Apple have same features and specifications in all parts of the world except for some minor variances.

It can be said that this is the strategic principle of Apple Inc. Aggregate : On the other hand, the management of Apple Inc. Furthermore, the marketing related strategies are also taking place in those headquarters,and all the financial and operational results and performance is forwarded to the main head office for further resource allocations This is just a sample partial work.

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